Zimmerman's Models

Zimmerman (1998a) four-stage model of self-regulation:

1. self-evaluation and monitoring

2. goal setting and strategic planning

3. strategy implementation and monitoring

4. strategic outcome monitoring

Zimmerman (2000) social cognitive model:

1. forethought

2. performance or volitional control

3. self-reflection

- Zimmerman, B. J. (1998a) Models of self-regulated learning and academic achievement. In B. J. Zimmerman & D. H. Schunk (Eds.), Self-regulated learning and academic achievement: Theory, research and practice (pp.1-25). New York: Springer.

- Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Attaining self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In M. Boekaerts, P. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.),Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 13–39). New York: Academic Press.